AN EVALUATION OF BANDITRY AND ITS A CRITICAL EFFECT ON RURAL COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA

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BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Nigeria has been a battleground for quite some time. Aside from the ongoing conflict between farmers and herders, other major security issues include Biafra insurgents, radical Islamists in the North-East, kidnappings in various areas of the nation, the Niger Delta crisis, and so on. There are significant obstacles (Abdullahi, 2019). However, the Boko Haram Party is still Nigeria's most serious security threat. The organization poses a significant danger to neighboring countries, particularly Cameroon, Niger, and Chad, with considerable economic, social, and humanitarian ramifications. For example, in Jere Local Government, Borno State, Nigeria, a gang recently killed 40 rice farmers with brutality. The UN assessed that the death toll was substantially higher than what had been documented. However, while the organization is making life tough for the people of the Northood, another organized group known as the armed bandits is making life difficult for the residents of Nigeria's northwest. Life is no longer holy in our corner of the world, and the total effect will undoubtedly last for decades (Aminu, 2020). Clearly, the government is dissatisfied, and the people are powerless. As a result, it is necessary to investigate the complexity of this recent growth in army banditry, the difficulties of combating banditry, and how bandits and rebels can protect the country from being completely shut down. But, first and foremost, who are those robbers? (Aminu, 2020).

Banditry abuse is not a new phenomenon in Nigeria. Banditry has a long history in Nigeria, dating back to the pre-civil war era, when the government devolved into political violence, criminality, and organized insurrection in sections of the old Western Region. During the civilian reign, local bandits allegedly robbed domestic animals. Bandits have recently been a source of concern in Nigeria's Northwest area, notably in the states of Zamfara, Sokoto, Katsina, Niger, Kaduna, and Kebbi. These bandits' operations vary from kidnapping to murder, robbery, rape, livestock rustling, and other crimes. Their method of operation is maiming and murdering their victims when they are least expecting it. Typically, they moved through the woodlands into the neighborhood on fast motorbikes, especially at night, and shot at will. Sometimes in the afternoon, when they are certain there is no police or military presence in the area, they unleash horror on the villages (Anka, 2017). Hundreds of people have been killed as a result of this expanding menace. Several children have been orphaned, and women have become widows overnight, while food insecurity and humanitarian disasters will make life much more difficult for many Nigerians. The reality is terrifying. In 2018, about "1,100 people were slain in six northwestern Nigerian nations, more than 2,200 people were killed in 2019, and 1,600 people were killed between January and June 2020." Around 247,000 individuals were displaced, and their effort resulted in the creation of around 41,000 refugees. Over 8000 people have been murdered in Zamfara alone in the previous decade, with 200,000 internally displaced and others fleeing to neighboring states. This situation is now so perilous that Sokoto's religious leader and Sultan, Muhammadu Sa eed Abubakar, stated, "Now, bandits go with AK47 in the north and bemoan the region's worst." It is vital to highlight that the newest Northwest war arose from a dispute for decreasing lands and water supplies between farmers and herders, with the farmers being Hausa and the herdsmen primarily Fulani. Furthermore, in a region where poverty is deeply ingrained and illiteracy is quite widespread, many Fulani' are preoccupied with cattle husbandry (Anka, 2017). As a result, anytime this source of income is endangered, whether by nature or human interference, they are prepared to go to any length to ensure their survival. In addition, there is the issue of small arms and light weapons proliferation in the area, as well as inequality and, as John Campbell puts it, "weakened, strained, and demoralized security agencies" (Abdullahi, 2019).

1.2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

Banditry and further instability factors in northern Nigeria have degenerated into a dynamic, territorial emergency. The Boko Haram rebellion shows just what happened. Boko Haram started coordinated assaults on people, populations and ultimately the state after isolated events In contexts with no dissuasion, crime thrives. There are numerous openings for illegal activities in most rural areas in Nigeria. First of all, some of the groups are situated in rural areas where government presence is little or not good. In certain cases, families are isolated by woodland areas and interspersed with them. This makes them susceptible to banditry assaults on people, populations and ultimately the state after isolated events. This situation is made worse by the absence of effective community policing mechanisms capable of addressing the hinterlands’ peculiar security challenges.In effect, the incidence and prevalence of rural banditry in northwest Nigeria raises a fundamental question about the government’s ability to govern effectively. The state security machinery has so far failed to tackle the scourge of banditry. This failure stems from a lack of political will and operational challenges.

1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

The primary objective of this study is

1. To analyse the effect of banditry on rural community development
2. To investigate the causes of this banditry on rural communities
3. To examine if this attack have affected the living standard in this communities

1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS

1. What are the effect of banditry attack on rural community development?

2. What are the causes of recent banditry on rural communities?

3. Is the quality of living in these communities affected by the attack?

 

1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This study will be of significance to the government to bring to their knowledge a way of curbing the attacks of banditry .the study will also serve as a reference material to scholars, students and researchers who may want to carry out further research on this study

1.6 SCOPE OF THE STUDY

The purpose of this research is to critically analyse the effects of banditry on rural community development in Nigeria

1.7 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

During the course of thus research , the major challenge encountered were time constraint, finance and unavailability of research materials

1.8 DEFINITION OF TERMS

BANDITRY:This is a type of organized crime committed by outlaws, typically involving threat or use of violence

RURAL COMMUNITY: a rural community or countryside is a geographic area that is located outside towns and cities

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